Scarcity arises from unlimited wants and limited resources. It forces every economy to decide what, how, and for whom to produce.
Consumer’s equilibrium is achieved when marginal utility (MU) equals price (MUx = Px), maximizing total satisfaction from a given income.
Law of demand states that price and quantity demanded are inversely related, other factors constant. Higher price reduces demand, lower price increases it.
Price elasticity (Ed) = Percentage change in quantity demanded ÷ Percentage change in price. Ed > 1 means elastic demand.
Fixed cost does not change with output (e.g., rent). Variable cost changes directly with output (e.g., raw material). Total cost = FC + VC.
Law of supply states that price and quantity supplied are directly related. Higher price leads to higher supply, other factors unchanged.
Monopoly has single seller and no close substitutes. Monopolistic competition has many sellers with differentiated products.
Equilibrium price is determined at the intersection of market demand and market supply curves, where quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
CBQs test application of microeconomic theories to real-world scenarios, improving analytical thinking and exam performance under the new pattern.
It offers a rapid, chapter-wise summary of the entire Class 11 microeconomics syllabus, ideal for last-minute revision before exams.
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Scarcity arises from unlimited wants and limited resources. It forces every economy to decide what, how, and for whom to produce.
Consumer’s equilibrium is achieved when marginal utility (MU) equals price (MUx = Px), maximizing total satisfaction from a given income.
Law of demand states that price and quantity demanded are inversely related, other factors constant. Higher price reduces demand, lower price increases it.
Price elasticity (Ed) = Percentage change in quantity demanded ÷ Percentage change in price. Ed > 1 means elastic demand.
Fixed cost does not change with output (e.g., rent). Variable cost changes directly with output (e.g., raw material). Total cost = FC + VC.
Law of supply states that price and quantity supplied are directly related. Higher price leads to higher supply, other factors unchanged.
Monopoly has single seller and no close substitutes. Monopolistic competition has many sellers with differentiated products.
Equilibrium price is determined at the intersection of market demand and market supply curves, where quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
CBQs test application of microeconomic theories to real-world scenarios, improving analytical thinking and exam performance under the new pattern.
It offers a rapid, chapter-wise summary of the entire Class 11 microeconomics syllabus, ideal for last-minute revision before exams.